The plasticizer is a commonly used additive in rubber products to improve the processing performance of rubber. It can reduce the force between rubber molecules, thereby reducing the glass transition temperature of rubber, increasing the plasticity and fluidity of rubber, and facilitating subsequent molding operations. , Plasticizers can also improve the mechanical properties of vulcanizates, and increase the elasticity, lubricity, and flexibility of the rubber compound. Commonly used plasticizers are mainly divided into petroleum series, coal tar series, pine oil series, and fatty oil series plasticizers according to their sources.
1. Petroleum-based plasticizer
Petroleum-based plasticizers are one of the most widely used plasticizers in the rubber industry, with good plasticizing effects and low cost. The influence of petroleum-based plasticizers on rubber performance and performance depends on their composition and properties. Commonly used are paraffin oil, aromatic oil, naphthenic oil, machine oil, petroleum jelly and so on.
Paraffin oil has little pollution and can be used in light-colored rubber products, and has little effect on the mechanical properties of the rubber. It is more effective when used in ethylene-propylene reclaimed rubber products and butyl reclaimed rubber products.
Aromatic oil has good compatibility with rubber and is not suitable for spraying. Its processing performance is better than paraffin oil HY12S10J2L and naphthenic oil. Often used in dark rubber products.
Vaseline used as a rubber plasticizer can make the rubber have good extruding performance, can improve the adhesion between rubber and metal, have low pollution, and also has the effect of a physical antioxidant, which can affect the hardness and tensile strength of the rubber. influential.
2. Coal tar plasticizer
Coal tar series plasticizers have good compatibility with rubber, can improve the aging resistance of rubber, but have an inhibitory effect on accelerators, affect vulcanization, and have high brittleness temperature. Commonly used are coal tar and coumarone resin.
Solid coumarone has good compatibility with rubber, which can improve the process performance of rubber extrusion and calendar adhesion. The amount of solid coumarone is 3-6 parts, which can dissolve sulfur, help the dispersion of sulfur and carbon black, and prevent scorching. Coumarone with a high softening point has better reinforcement and improves the mechanical properties and aging resistance of the vulcanizate, but it has an impact on the flexibility of the vulcanizate. It is an organic reinforcing agent in nitrile reclaimed rubber products, which can improve tensile strength and elongation. The plasticity and viscosity of liquid coumarone are better than that of solid coumarone, but the reinforcement is slightly worse. It can be used as a regenerating agent for reclaimed rubber.
3. Pine oil series plasticizer
Pine oil-based plasticizers can improve the adhesiveness of the rubber compound, help the dispersion of the compounding agent, but have a delaying effect on vulcanization.
Pine tar helps the compounding agent to disperse in the rubber compound, has the effect of increasing the viscosity, and can improve the cold resistance of the product. It can delay vulcanization and prevent scorching at low temperatures. This product is polluting and is not suitable for use in light-colored reclaimed rubber products.
Fatty oil plasticizers have low compatibility with rubber and can only improve lubrication, and the amount used is small.
There are many types of rubber products with different performance requirements. In actual production, plasticizers can be selected reasonably according to the performance requirements of the products. As far as possible, choose plasticizers with good plasticizing effect, low dosage, fast absorption, non-volatile, and non-migrating. Agent. For environmentally friendly rubber products, colorless, odorless, and pollution-free plasticizers should be selected.